Lock-washer.



G.P.BEER&

LOCK WASHER. APPLICATION FILED JULY 16, 1908.

1,025,958. Patented May 14, 1912.

INVENTORX Char his FBEE E ATTORNEYS Application filed'J'uly 16, 1908.Serial No. 443,752.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. BEERS, OF NEW JERSEY.

hoax-WASHER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 14, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES F. Bnnns, a citizen of the United States,residing at Newark, in the-county of Essex and State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in .Lock-V.Vashers; and Idohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the in-' vention, such as will enable others skilled in the art towhich it appertaiils to make and use the same, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, and to characters of reference markedthereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates, generally, to im provements in nut-locks; and,the present invention has reference, more particularly, to a. novellock-washer for use with bolts and nuts of the various kinds, and .tothe kind of lock-washer which is split and is formed with .oppositelyprojecting spring-members or retaining elements usually formedwithtapering end-portions, and one or both of the ends being preferablyprovided with a holding spur.

The present invention has for its princi-,

pal objectto provide a simply constructed and effectively operatinglock-washer of the general character hereinafter set forth,

which is split and is formed with oppositely" projecting spring-membersor elements, the

lock-washer, and of course, said springmembers .being formed in one orboth of their, side faces with a series of preferably concentric raisedportions and depressions which are brought in contact with the face ofthat part against which the lock-washer is brought, so as to cause aperfect and most positive holding or biting relation of the washer withthe surfaces of the nuts or other parts againstwhich the lock-washer isarranged.

A further object of this invent-ion is to provide a novel -lock-washercomprising with the means for producing the holding qualities oflock-washers as now ordinarily made, other means which, when the nut isforced against the lock-washer, will practically embed itself in theface of the nut,

so as to provide a greater resistance to the turning of the washer uponthe shank of the bolt and to the unscrewing of the nut from the bolt,whereby the loosening and final loss of the nut is obviated.

Other objects of this invention not at this time more particularlymentioned will be clearly evident from the following detaileddescription-of the same. My invention consists, therefore, in the novellock-washer hereinafter more particularly described, and then finallyembodied in the clauses of the claims which are appended to and whichform an essential part of this specification.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a plan viewrof one form of lock-washer embodying theprinciples, of this invention; Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same;and Fig. 3 is a-transverse section of the lock-washer, said sectionbeing taken on line 3-8 in said ig. 1. Fig. 4 is a plan view of aslightly modified form of lockwasher, but still embodying the principalfeatures of this invention Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the same; andFig. 6 is atransverse section of said form of lock-washer, said sectionbein taken on line 6-6 in said Fig. 4. Fig. is a transverse section ofanother modified construction of lockwasher; and Fig. 8 is a sideelevation of still another modified form of lock-washer.

Similar characters of reference are em ployed in the above describedviews, to indicate corresponding parts.

Referring now to the several figures of the drawings, thereference-character 1 indicates the lock-washer proper, the same beingpreferably made from spring-steel and being properly tempered. Thewasher is split. across one of its'portions, as at 2, so as to provide ahelically formed ring-like body having the free end-portions 3 and 4.These end-portions may be made tapering, as shown more particularly inFigs. 2 and 8; or,-said end-portions may be of the same width as that ofthe main body of the washer, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 5 ofthedrawings.

If desired, the side-faces 5 and 6 of the lock-washer may be leftperfectlyplain, except of course the concentric and alternating raisedportions and depressions to be presently more fully set forth, asclearly shown in said Fig. 5; or, the said free end-portions 3 and 4 ofthe washer may be respectively provided with integral barbs or spurs 7and 8, as indicated in Fig. 2. In some instances, if found desirable,the end-portions 8 and 4 may berespectively provided with a pair 11c oflaterally projecting spurs or bars 9 and 10, in the manner clearlyillustrated in Fig. 8 of the drawings.

As will be clearly seen from an inspection of all of the figures of thedrawings, all of the various styles and forms of lock-washers may beprovided, in one or both of their side faces, with concentric raisedportions vl1, 12 and 13 and intermediately disposed raised portions orridges practically embedding themselves in the face of the nut and theface of the body against which the v washer is placed, when the nut istightly screwed down against the lock-washer, in the usual manner; and,furthermore, the inner ridge l3 placed against the face of the nut willpractically follow the screw-thread of the nut, whereby all of saidparts in their finally assembled and. tightened relations will berigidly held against any accidental displacement by jarring orsuccessiveshocks, so that a more perfect and more positively holding lock-washeris the result.

\Vhere the barbs or spurs are used, the ridges and depressions mayextend directly into the same, so as not only to provide a serrated mainbody-portion, but also providing serrated barbs or spurs, as will beclearly evident from an inspection of Fig. 1 of the drawings. As hasbeen stated the free end-portions of the washers may be slightly taperedfor the purposes of producing elasticity, when compressed, and that thespringlike action is constant in opposite directions.

lVhen the raised portions or ridges and depressions are located uponboth side-faces of the lock-washer, it provides for a washer which isreversible, and can be used over and over many times.

From the foregoing description of my present invention it will beclearly seen, that I have provided a simply constructed and efficientlyoperating lock-washer which is admirably adapted for use on railwayrails, automobiles, presses, and machinery, and vehicles of the variouskinds which are subject to vibration. The lock-washer can also be madein various sizes so as to be adapted for use with bolts and nuts of thevarious kinds and sizes.

I claim 1. A lock-washer comprising a spirally shaped body, a pluralityof concentric raised portions arranged thereon providing intermediatedepressions, said concentric raised portions being triangular in crosssection, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. A lock-washer comprising a spirally shaped body, a plurality ofconcentric raised portions upon the lateral faces of said body, saidconcentric raised portions providing intermediate depressions, and saidconcentric raised portionsbeing triangular in crosssection withoutwardly presented apex, substantially as and for the purposes setforth.

3. A lock-washer comprising a spirally shaped body, said body beingprovided with marginal ridges of substantially triangular cross-secti0n,an intermediate ridge also triangular in crosssection, said ridgespresenting their apexes outwardly and providing intermediatedepressions, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony, that I claim the invention set forth above I have hereuntoset my hand this 13th day of July, 1908.

CHARLES F. BEERS. Witnesses:

FREDK. G. FRAENTZEL,

. GEORGE D. RICHARDS.

